Railway tie



J. C. DAVIS RAILWAY TIE 3 Shams-'Sheet l y Filed Sept. 6, 1923 .mwl

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- J. C. DAVIS RAILWAY TIE Filed sept. e, 1923 s shams-sheet atented 25, 1924..

.IAIVIES CAREY DAVIS, OF HINSDALE, ILLINOIS.

RAILWAY TIE.

Application lled September 6, 1923.r Serial No. 661,198.

To `aZZ whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JAMES CAREY Davis, a citizen of the United States, and a resi'- dcnt of Hinsdale, in the county of Du Page and State oflllinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Railway r1 "ies, yof which the following is a speciiication.

rllhis invention relates broadly to railway rail supports, and more particularly to improvements in railway ties, more especially to the provision of an improved composite railway tie which is characterized by the features of rigidity of support, durability, simplicity and altogether improved elficiency in use.

The principal objects and advantages which characterize this invention reside in the provision of an improved railway tie ;4 the provision of an improved railway tie of metallic construction; the provision of an improved metallic foundation railway tie; the provision of an improved railway tie including a metallic supporting` element and a non-metallic rail support; the provi-sion of improved means for supporting a railway tie including a metallic base, non-metallic rail supports, and` means for iiXedly retaining said supports in said tie; the pro* visionof an improved composite railway tie which is characterized by simplicity of construction lfacile assembly and installation, and which possesses the required weight, resiliency, and durability and in which adequate provision is made for proper drainage; the provision yof an improved metallic railway tie which is characterized by economical employment of metal in the construction; and the provision of a composite railway tie which may be manufactured at low cost.

The foregoing and such other objects and advantages as may appear or be pointed out as this description proceeds are attained in f the structure illustrated in the drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of the device of this invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken on line 2 2 of Figure 1, loolingin the direction indicated by the arrows;

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view substantially identical.

Y taken on line 3 3 of Figure 1, looking inthe direction indicated by the arrows;

-Figure 4 is a view like Figure 1 of an alternate form of this invention;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view on line 5-5 of Figure 4, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows;

Figures 6 and 7 are sectional views Iof further modified or alternate forms of this invention; and

Figure 8 is a 4still further modified form of this invention.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, and first to the form of this invention disclosed in Figures 1 to 3, inclusive, I provide a base member, generally designated 5, constructed of metal, preferably Iof soft cast steel, and includes a medial portion 6, conveniently of I-beam contour in cross-section comprising the web 7 and flanges 8 and 9;,said medial portion being integral with the retaining pocket 10, two of which are provided, adjacent the ends of the tie and A description of `but one end of the tie will therefore suiiice.

The retaining pocket or compartment 10 is defined by the four perpendicular walls 12, 13, 14 and 15, thus forming a substantially rectangular chamber which is conveniently of greater length than width, that is the walls 14 and 15 form the sides `of the chamber and the walls 12 and 13 form the ends.

The pocket thus formed has the lower outer edges of the walls thereof bordered by integral flanges 16 and 17, which are connected with the bottom iianges of the medial portion of the tie by the provision of webs .18 and 19. The outerend lof the pocket is provided with an outwardly extending base member 2O connected to the flanges 16 and 17, a vertical web 21 extending along the medial axis of said base.

The pocket 10 formed in the tie is adapted to receive and have retained therein a rail support, provision being made for mounting said support at or near the outer end of the pocket, this also being carried out on the other end of the tie.

The outer end wall 13 and the side walls 14 and 15 are provided with supporting elements which here conveniently comprise the inwardly directed sets of lugs 22, 23 and 24,

the lugs 22 being arranged on the wall 18, and the lugs 23l and 24 being arranged on the walls 14 and 15 adjacent to the wall 13 and near the point at which the rail 25 is supported.

The rail supporting element, which is preferably non-metallic, that is, of wood or some other suitable material readily replaceable, is in the form of a block 26 which is provided with'a recess 27, in one end face for engagement with the lugs 22, and other recesses 28 and 2,9 for reception of the lugs 23 and 24, respectively. The block has substantially the same dimensions transversely asV that yof the pocket,fbut its longitudinal dimension, as shown, is approximately onehalf of that of the pocket, so that said block may be deposited at the inner end of the pocket and slid longitudinally in said pocket into engagement with the lugs 22, 23 and 24 by the recesses 28 and 29.

After the block has been thus positioned it is retained against longitudinal displacement-inwardly by the lugs 30 and 31, said lugs being formed integrally with and projecting upwardlv from the upper edges of the walls 14 and 15, so that when said lugs are bent into the positions shown longitudinal displacement of the block is rendered impossible.

As shown'in Figure 2, the block projects slightly beyond the upper margin of the walls of the pocket and a conventional form of rail chair or other metallic support 32 may be placed on said block and the rail 25 then placed on said chair. This arrangement prevents the rail from coming in contact with the metal tie and thus disrupting electrical circuits for signals and the like.

The rail is secured in position by the provision of the screw spikes and 34 provided with the flanges 35, said spikes having their Shanks 36 driven into the block. The spikes thus not only serve to secure the rail in position, but also serve to prevent splitting of the block, and should `this occur in service the screw spikes will hold the parts of the block together until replacement may be made.

vIn replacing` the block it is only necessary to bend the lugs 30 into vertical position, remove the screw spikes and slide the block inwardly until it clears the plate 32 and rail, whereupon the old block may be easily removed and the new onel substituted therefor. Thus the replacen'ient and general upkeep of the road bed and track may be taken care of easily by one man, in fact the traclwalker himself may replace the wooden rail supports with the tools that he ordinariljV carries and without any interruption of trafc.

It will be understood, of course, that the space between the inner end of the rail supporting block and the walls 12 may be filled with ballast, and it will also appear that the ballast may be deposited directly under the rail support. ln some instances ballast may be deposited around the tie to a depth even with the top of the tie. In this manner a permanent railway tie is afforded which is characterized by the possession of all of the features which can be reasonably required of a railway tie, that is, stability, durability, adequate drainage, rigidity with the required resiliency, which latter is given to it by the employment of the wooden rail support.

As will hereinafter appear with some of the other forms of the invention, it will be understood that the bottom of the retaining pocket 10 may be, if desired, substantially closed to serve as an additional support to the wooden block. However, it is essential that some openings he provided to permit of drainage.

Another feature of this invention which is important resides in the fact that in grading curves the ties themselves may be laid perfectly level and the difference in height between the rails be attained by using blocks of different heights, or with inclined upper faces. rlhis will materially reduce the cost of construction and maintenance and will result in a much more evenly laid track because the heights of the blocks from the be.- ginning to end of a curve may be accurately determined, assembled and numbered before they are shipped into the lield for use. 'lho construction of the metallic support including the I-beam section and the. retaining pockets is such that metal is economically employed and is distril'iuted throughout the tie where it will perform its function liest.

The form of the invention shown in Figures 4 and 5 includes the medial portion G which is substantially identical in form with the corresponding part of the tie shown in Figure 1, this form. of the invention ineluding a retaining pocket 38 defined by the perpendicular angularly related walls 39, 40, 41 and 42, the retaining` pocket 3S being substantially square and arranged to receive a non-metallic rail supporting block 43, the block and pocket having substantially the saine dimensions. The bottom wall 44 of the pocket is provided with openings 45 which permit of proper drainage, said bottom wall formingthe sole support o the block against vertical downward stresses,

The block is retained against displacement upwardly by the provision of the pairs of lugs 4G on the wall 39, lugs 47 on the wall 40, lugs 48 on the wall 41, and lugs 49 on the wall42, the lugs just described being` east integrally with the walls of the pocket and being adapted to be bent downwardly into engagement with the adjacent edges of they block and thus retain same against displacement.

Similarly to the structure shown in Figure llll Al, the rail 25a is supported on a chair or plate 32a and the rail is secured on said plate to` the block by the provision of the screw spikes 33a.

The device ot' Figures 4 and 5 possesses the same advantageous features as the device shown in Figures l to 3 inclusive, both forms ot' this invention being especially characterized by the provision of the retaining lugs 30, 31 and 46 to 49 inclusive. it is to be understood, of course, that the characistics of the metal trom which the tie is constructed are such as to permit of flexing or bending ot the lugs a number of times without fracture and yet not detract from their rigidity.

in both torms of the invention just described the vertical stresses due to the passage of a train are taken care of by the lugs 22, 23 and 24 in Figure l, and by the bottom 44 and lugs 46, 47, 48 and 49 in Figures 4 and 5.

As the stresses inwardly on a railway rail are slight the lugs 30 and 3l will amply take care of inward movement of the block in the device of Figures l and 2, and the outer wall 13 will form a tirm abutment against spreading ot the rails.

Another important feature ot' the device shown in Figures l to 3 resides in the fact that this form ol. the invention may be readily adapted for use in constructing switches, due to the elongated pocket employed therein. For example, another block may be placed between the lugs 30 and 3l and the wall 12 tor supporting the curved rail of a. switch. In this event the inner end of the pocket must have a bottom wall. rlhus it will be seen that the tie may be employed tor special construction, 'for iustance, on a bridge where guard rails are required the elongated poclret will serve very nicely to receive support-ing means for such rails. l provide sutlicient flange. on the ends ot the tie to permit of bolt-ing of the tie to a trestle work or other elevated structure.

Referring now to the modilied form of the invention shown in Figure 6 the elongated pocket 50, similar in construction to the pocket l0 is provided, this pocket 50, however, being adapted to receive ballast indicated at 51, and in addition to the retaining lug 30a, 22a and 23a, supplemental lugs 52 and 53 are provided similarly to the lugs 46 in Figures 4 and 5. A halfblock 54 olf non-metallic material is supported on the lugs 22a and 23a and said block is retained against displacement by the lugs 52, 53 and 30a.

rl`he rail 25 is secured to the block by the provision of the screw spikes 56 similarly to the mounting of the rails of the previous forms ot this invention described.

Referring now to Figure 7 there pro` vided a inodiiied arrangement o't the torni shown in Figure l, wherein a double bloei-1 5T composed of the parts 58 and 59 is inserted in the retaining pocket 60. The pocket 60 at its inner end is lilled with ballast 6l and is provided with a substantially though not entirely closed bottom In this arrangement the principal advantages reside in the 'tact that the upper section 58 ot the rail supporting block may be removed when necessary and replaced without removing the lower section. The walls ot the pocket are provided with the supporting lugs 22b and 23h and the two parts of the rail supporting block are cured together by the screw spikes 63.

When replacing the parts ot the block shown in Figure i", it may be desirable, when making the second replacement, to remove the bottom section to the upper posi tion inserting the newer replacement section at the bottom. For this reason both sections of the block 57 are provided with marginal recesses 582L and 59a so that they are interchangeable. This need not be adhered to but is cited as an example ot the flexibility and utility of the construction shown.

Referring now to Figure 8, l have provided the housing 12a similar in construe tion to the form shown in Figures l and 2, said housing 12ZL having the lugs 22?l and 30a similar to those already described, the block 26a being supported and retained b v said lugs.

As an alternative or auxiliary retaining means for the block 26, I provide a transverse bolt 70, secured by nuts in the side walls of the housing, the shank off the bolt abutting the adjacent surface ot the block 26a to retain same against longitudinal movement. This bolt may be employed in the forms shown in Figures t3 and 7 and in any event the bolt may be employed with or without the lugs 30.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Fat-ent is l. ln a device of the character described, in combination, a. continuous metallic supporting member, provided with an integral compartment having a retaining end wall, and a non-metallic block in said compartment abutting said wall having one dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of said compartment.

2. In a device oit the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic supporting member, provided with an integral compartment having a retaining end wall, and a non-metallic block having one ot its dimensions less than the corresponding dimension ot the compartment, said block being receivable into said compartment and slidable into proper position therein and till abutting said wall, and means for securing a railway rail upon said bloclr.

' 3. In a device et the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic supporting member, provided with an integral retaining compartment, and a non-inetallic bloclr in said compartment having one dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of said compartment, and means integral with the supporting member ior retaining said block in a fixed position. 4c. In a device of the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic snpporting member, provided with an integral retaining compartment, and a non-metallic bloc-lr in said compartment having one dimension smaller than the Corresponding dimension ot said compartment, and means integral with the supporting member and adapted to be bent to engage and retain said block in a tired position.

5. In a device of the character described, in combination, a continuons metallic supporting member provided with a retaining compartment, and a non-metallic block in said compartment having one dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of said compartment, and said block being slidable into position in said compartment.

6. In a device oi' the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic supporting member provided with a retaining compartment, a non-n'ietallic block in said compartment having one dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of said compartment, and flexible lugs integral with said supporting member for retaining said block against displacement.

7. In a device of the characterl described, in combination, a continuous metallic supporting member provided with a retaining pocket having a retaining` end wall, and a non-metallic block in said pocket having one dimension smaller Vthan the corresponding dimension of said pocket whereby said block may be depositedin said pocket and slid into proper position therein to abut said wall, and means on the pocket abutting the other end of and for retaining` said block in its proper position.

8; In a device ot the character described,

'incombinatiom a continuous metallic supporting member provided with a retaining pocket having a retaining end wall, and a non-metallic bloclr in said pocket having one dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of said poclret whereby said block may be deposited in said pocket and slid into proper position therein to'abnt said wall, and means integral with the pocket abutting the other end of and for retaining said block in its proper position.

9. In a device of the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic supporting member provided with a retaining pocket having a retaining end wall, and a non-metallic block in said pocket having one dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of' said pocket whereby said block may be deposited in said pocket and slid int-o abutting relation with said wall, means on the pocket for retaining said block in its proper position, and means ior .tixedly securing a railway rail directly to said block.

10. In a device ot' the character described, in combination, a continuous nmetallic supporting member provided with a retaining pocket, a non-metallic block in said pocket, and means on said member within said pocket ior preventing bodily upward displacen'ient olf said block.

1l. In a device ot the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic snpporting member provided with a retaining pocket, a non-metallic block in said pocket, and means integral with said member within said pocket for preventing bodily upward displacement ot said block.

12. In a devicel oi the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic snpporting member provided with a retaining pocket having an outer end wall, a nonmetallic block in said pocket abutting said wall, and lugs on said supporting member adapted to be bent into engagement with Said block for holding same in said pocket.

13. In a device of the character described, in combination, a continuons metallic supporting member provided with a retaining pocket, a non-metallic block in said pocket, means on the walls ot' said pocket for engagement with and supportingsaid block, and means for securing a railwayY rail on said block.

14. In a device of the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic snpporting member provided with a retaining pocket open at its bottom to receive roadbed ballast, a series of projections in said pocket, and a non-metallic block resting on said projections and upon the ballast content of said pocket.

15. In a railway rail support, in combination with a road-bed, a metallic supporting member having a pocket adapted to receive ballast, and a non-metallic block for carrying a railway rail and mounted in said pocket upon the ballast content thereof'.

16. In a railway rail support, in combination with a road-bed, a metallic supporting member having a pocket adapted to receive ballast, a non-metallic block for carrying a railway rail and mounted in said pocket upon the ballast content thereof, and means on said supporting member for preventing lateral and upward displacement of said block.

17. In a railway rail support, in combination with a road-bed, a metallic supporting member having a pocket adapted to receive ballast, a non-metallic block for carrying a railway rail and mounted in said pocket upon the ballast content thereof, and means integral with said supporting memberI tor preventing lateral and upward displacement of said block.

18. In a railway tie, in combination, a metallic supporting structure provided with a recess defined by four perpendicular walls iorming` a box-like chamber, a wooden block having one of its dimensions less than the same dimension of said chamber and receivable in the latter in abutment with three of said walls, and means on said walls for supporting said block.

19. In a railway tie, in combination, a metallic supporting structure provided with a recess defined by four perpendicular walls forming a box-like chamber, a wooden block having one of its dimensions less than the same dimension of said chamber and receivable in the latter in abutment with three of said walls, means on said walls for supporting and retainingsaid block, and means for securing a railway rail to said block.

20. In a railway tie, in combination, a metallic supporting structure provided with a recess defined by four perpendicular walls forming a box-like chamber, a wooden block having one of its dimensions less than the same dimension of said chamber and receivable in the latter in abutment with three of said walls, and means integral with said walls for supporting said block.

21. In a railway tie, in combination, a metallic supporting structure provided with a recess detlned by four perpendicular walls forming a boX-lilre chamber, a wooden block having one of its dimensions less than the same dimension of said chamber and receivable in the latter in abutment with three ofi said walls, means integral with said walls 'for supporting and retaining said block, and means for fiXedly securing a railway rail to said block.

22. In a railway tie, inv combination, a metallic supporting structure provided with a recess defined by four perpendicular walls 'forming a box-like chamber, a wooden block having two of its dimensions smaller than the same dimensions of the chamber and supported in said chamber, and said chamber being adapted to receive ballast beneath said block.

23. In a railway rail support, in combination, a metallic frame having a pocket therein defined by four perpendicular walls, three of said walls having supporting means thereon, and the other wall having' retaining means, and a non-metallic block in said pocket mounted on said supporting means and abutting said retaining means.

24. In a railway rail support, a metallic frame having pockets therein near its ends,

said pockets being open at their bottoms, non-metallic blocks in said pockets to which the rails are fixed, and the bottoms ot' said blocks being adapted to rest directly upon the ballast of the road-bed.

25. In a railway rail support, a metallic base .member including a pocket defined by angular-ly related walls, a rail supporting` block mounted in said pocket, a series of lugs on said walls tor supporting the block, and a second series of lugs for preventing lateral displacement of said block.

26. In a railway rail support, a metallic base member including a pocket defined by angularly related walls, a rail supporting block mounted in said pocket, and having one of' its dimensions less than the corresponding dimension of said pocket, a series of lugs on said walls for supporting the block, and a second series of lugs for preventing` lateral displacement of said block.

27. In a railway rail support, a metallic base member including` a pocket defined by angularly related walls, a rail supporting block mounted in said pocket, a series of rigid lugs on said walls for supporting the block, and a second series of lugs, adapted to be bent into position, for preventing lateral displacement of said block.

28. In a device of the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic supporting member, provided with a retaining compartment and a non-metallic block having one of its dimensions less than the corresponding dimension of the compartment, said block being receivable into said compartment and slidable into proper position therein, and means for securing a railway rail upon said block.

29. In a device of the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic supporting member provided with a retaining pocket having a relatively fixed end wall, and a non-metallic block in said pocket having one dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of said pocket, and said block being slidable laterally into position in said pocket to abut said end wall.

30. In a device of the character described, in combination, a metallic base member, having a retaining pocket, a multiple part non-metallic rail support disposed in said pocket, and means for retaining said rail support in position.

3l. In a device of the character described, in combination, a metallic base member having a retaining pocket, a multiple part nonmetallic rail support disposed in said pocket, means `for securing a rail to said rail support, and means for retaining said rail support in position.

32. In a device of the character described, in combination, a metallic basel member, having a retaining pocket, a multiple part non-metallic rail support in Said pocket,

and means Jfor securing a rail to said rail support, and for lixedly connecting the parts of said support.

33. In a device or" the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic supporting member provided with ak retaining pocket, a non-metallic block in said pocket, means on said member for preventing upward displacement of said block, and a transverse member in said pocket abutting and'for retaining said block.

34. In a device of the character described, in combination, a continuous metallic supporting member provid-ed with a retainingl pocket, a non-metallic block in said pocket, means on said member for preventimg` upward displacement of said block, means integral with the pocket for retaining said block, and auxiliary removable means abutting said block for cooperation with said integral means.

35. In a device of the character described, in'combination, a metallic supporting member provided with a compartment having a retaining wall, a non-metallic block receivable into said compartment and adapted to be slid into position to abut said wall, and means o-n the supporting member adapted to be bent into abutting relationship with said block.

36. In a device of the character described, in combination, a supporting member provided with a compartment having a retaining wall, a block receivable into said compartment and adapted to be slid into position to abut said wall, and means on the supporting member adapted to be bent into abutting relationship with said block.

37. In a device of the character described,

in combination, a metallic supporting member provided with a compartment having a retaining wall, a non-metallic block having one dimension less than the corresponding dimension of said compartment, receivable into said compartment and adapted to be slid into position to abut said wall, and means on the supporting member adapted to be bent into abutting relationship with said block. 38. In a device of the character described, in combination, a metallic supporting member provided with a compartment having a 'retaining wall, a non-metallic block receivable into said compartment and adapted to be slid into position to abut said wall, and means integral with the supporting member adapted to be bent into abutting relationship with said block.

39. In a railway tie, a supporting member having spaced walls, a rail support receivable between said walls, and means on one of said walls below the upper edges thereof for retaining said rail support against bodily upward displacement.

40. In a railwaytie, a supporting member having spaced walls, a rail support slidable into position on said support between said walls, means on said walls below the upper edges thereof for retaining said rail support against bodily upward displacement and means arranged to prevent separation of the spaced walls from normal position.

4l. In a railway tie, a supporting member having spaced walls, a rail support receivable between said walls, means integral with one of said walls below the upper edges thereof for retaining said rail support against bodilj7 upward displacement and means arranged to prevent separation of said spaced walls from normal position.

42. In a railway tie, a supporting member having spaced walls formed to resist displacement from each other provided with projections below the upper edges thereof, and a rail supporting member adapted for reception between said walls and engagement with said projections and means transversely arranged to prevent separation o'l said spaced walls from normal position.

43. In a railway tie, a supporting member having spaced walls 'formed to resist displacement from each other provided with projections below the upper edges thereof` and a rail supporting member adapted to be slid into position between said walls and engagement with said projections and means transversely arranged to prevent separation of said spaced walls from normal position.

44. In a railway tie, a supporting member having spaced walls, a rail support slidable into position on said support between said walls, and means on said walls below the upper edges thereof for retaining said rail support against bodily upward displacement and for supporting said rail support and means transversely arranged to prevent separation of said spaced walls from normal position.

45K. In a railway tie, a supporting member having spaced walls, an abutment, a rail support receivable between said walls and engaging said abutment, and means on one of said walls below the upper edges thereof for retaining said rail support against bodily upward displacement, said abutment being arranged to prevent separation of said spaced walls from normal position.

46. In a railway tie, a supporting member having spaced walls formed to resist displacement from each other provided with projections below the upper edges thereof, an abutment normal to said walls and a rail supporting member adapted for reception between said walls and engagement with said projectionsV and said abutment, said abutment being arranged to prevent separation of said spaced walls from normal position.

47. In a railway tie, a supporting member having spaced walls, a block receivable between said walls, and means on one of said walls below the upper edges thereof for retaining` said block against upward displacementand a part of said means being arranged to connect and prevent separation of said spaced Walls.

4:8. ln a railway tie7 a supporting member havingl spaced Walls, a multiple partrail support receivable between said Walls and means on one of said Walls below the upper edges thereof for supporting and for retaining said rail support against upward dise placement.

41.9. ln a device of the character described, in combination, a metallic supporting member provided with a compartment having a retaining' Wall, a noirmetallic block receiv able into said compartment and adapted to be slid into position to abut said Wall, and means on one of said Walls for preventing upward displacement of the block.

50. In a device of the character described,

in combination, a continuous metallic supporting member, provided With a pocket open at its top and one end, means arranged transversely7 of the tie in said pocket, a nonmetallic block adapted to be slid into said pocket and into engagement With said transverse means.

5l. In a railway rail support, a metallic base member including a pocket defined by singularly related Walls, a rail supporting,` block mounted in said pocket, a series of lugs on said Walls for supportingl the block, and removable means engaging the tie and abutting said block for preventing endvvise displacement thereof.

In Witness whereof the said JAMES CAREY Davis has hereunder signed his name in the presence of the tWo subscribed Witnesses.

JAMES CAREY DAVIS. Witnesses J. E. WRIGHT, PAUL CARPENTER. 

